THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS ON THE EMERGENCE OF LARGE SCYTHIAN SETTLEMENTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE ROUTES

This article considers the impact of changes in natural environment on historical processes that took place steppe and forest-steppe zones Ukraine XI—V centuries BC. It is determined one main reasons for emergence large Scythian settlements was a factor. Changes climatic conditions zone led to almost complete outflow population from its territory The establishment more favorable climate south Ukraine, which began VII century BC, an increase territory.
 also question functioning trade routes existed Northern Black Sea region at time. South Bug, Dnieper Don rivers were used as beginning ХV penetration construction big sites started before start opening north coastal by Greek colonists. Scythians appeared first half mid- century, areas starts end That time became waterways connecting North sea area with central East Europe Baltic countries. estuaries these where biggest early settlements: Berezan Bug estuary’s conjunction Taganrog estuary. In VII—V route. point supported fact Olvia state capital-Olvia city established right bank estuary.
 centers exported areas, possibly ceramics, vine, olive oil, jewelry etc. These are ceramic residuals make it possible determine lifetime. traders reported ancient authors imported established, cattle, slaves, copper, furs, wax, salted fish, amber improvement unsettled areas. process resulted gradual decadence settlements. Grate center moves lower reach Dneaper river, followed route transfer exact river. So factor seriously influenced